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Judgment
Smt.Bharati H. Dangre, J
Rule. Rule made returnable forthwith.
By this petition filed under Article 226 of Constitution of India, the petitioners have prayed for Writ in the nature of Certiorari, for quashing and
setting aside the order dated 30Â05Â2018 passed by the Scheduled Tribe Certificate Scrutiny Committee, Nashik thereby rejecting the claim of the
petitioners as belonging to Mahadev Koli, as Scheduled Tribe. Direction is also sought to the committee to issue certificate of validity, thereby
validating the Caste Certificate dated 16Â07Â2015 issued in favour of the petitioners and declare them to be belonging to Koli Mahadev, Scheduled
Tribe.
The petition is filed by two petitioners who are brothers and claim to be belonging to Koli Mahadev, Scheduled Tribe. The petitioners have been
granted caste certificates in the prescribed form on 16Â07Â2015 by the Sub Divisional Officer, Malegaon declaring them to be belonging to Koli
Mahadev, which is recognized as Scheduled Tribe under the Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order, 1950. Being desirous of persuading their higher
education from the reserved category of Scheduled Tribe, the petitioners approached the respondent No.2ÂCommittee for verification of the
certificates of Scheduled Tribe and laid their claim before the said committee, by tendering documentary evidence. The documentary evidence
included the validity certificate in favour of their father by the Nashik Committee in the year 2008 and cousin brothers from the paternal side as well
as maternal side. The claim of the petitioner was taken up for scrutiny and by an order dated 30.05.2018 the claim came to be rejected on the
ground that the petitioner's have not been able to prove their claim of belonging to Koli Mahadev, Scheduled Tribe by documentary evidence and also
they were not successful in establishing their claim on the parameters of affinity test and did not establish ethnic linkage towards “Koli Mahadev
Scheduled Tribe†appearing at entry 29 in the list of Scheduled Tribes in Maharashtra. Resultantly, the claim of both the petitioner's were found to
be unsustainable and declared invalid and the caste certificates issued in their favour came to be cancelled and confiscated.
It is this order which is impugned in the present Writ Petition.
 4. When the matter was listed before this Court on 19.07.2018, copy of the petition served upon the learned Assistant Government Pleader
Shri.Samant, so as to enable him to peruse the papers. By the same order, this Court directed that the admission of the petitioners be not distributed
if they are admitted in respondent No.5ÂCollege and are pursuing their education in Engineering Course.
Today the matter was listed and we have heard the learned counsel for the petitioner and the learned AGP who had also procured the record from the
respondent No.2Âcommittee and the matter was heard finally by consent of both the parties considering the fact that it involved the career of the
petitioners.
 5. In support of the petitioners, Advocate Shri.Mendadkar, would submit that the petitioners have staked their claim on the basis of the several
documents and the committee in the impugned order has referred to all those documents in paragraph No.2 of the said order. According to
Shri.Mendadkar, the documentary evidence included the validity certificate issued in favour of their father and also two validity certificates issued in
favour of his two cousin brothers from maternal side issued by the Committee at Nashik. The documents also included a school leaving certificate
of the applicants cousin grandfather Shri.Bhaskar Sonu Jadhav issued by Zilla Parishad Prathamic Vidyamandir, Nimgaon, TalukaMalegaon,
DistrictÂNashik wherein the date of admission is recorded as 1958 and the caste is recorded as Mahadev Koli. Shri.Mendadkar, would submit that
apart from the said document, reliance was also placed on the school leaving certificate of the applicant's uncle Shri.Rajendra Trimbak Jadhav
wherein the date of admission is recorded as 15.06.1978 and the caste is recorded as Mahadev Koli. He would submit that the blood relatives of the
petitioner's have consistent entries of Mahadev Koli in several documents including the school registers, revenue records etc. Shri.Mendadkar, would
submit that in ignorance of the validity certificate granted in favour of his father, the committee has only relied upon a document in form of the school
record in favour of his grandfather Shri.Trayambak Sonu Jadhav, reflecting the date of birth as 04.04.1944 the date of admission in school as
02.04.1951 and in the caste column the caste is recorded as Hindu Koli. Shri.Mendadkar would submit that assuming that it is the only document
pertaining to the preÂconstitutional period and having great probative value, the committee derived an inference that the petitioner do not belong to
Koli Mahadev, Scheduled Tribe since the earliest document in favour of the grandfather of the petitioner records the caste as Koli Mahadev. As far
as the issue of affinity is concerned Shri.Mendadkar would submit that the committee in its usual sprite without analysing and dealing into ethnological
and anthropological traits of Koli Mahadev community, has reached a conclusion that the traits and the characteristics features stated by the
applicants before, it did not match with those of the Mahadev Koli, Scheduled Tribe. He would submit that committee has recorded a general
finding and on vague assertion and rejected the claims.
Shri.Mendadkar would thus submit that the approach of the committee is highly arbitrary and is reflective of total nonapplication of mind on part of
the committee and inspite of authoritative judicial pronouncements, directing the committee to adhere to the settled principles, the committee has again
acted as per its own whims and fancies and rejected the claims of the petitioner.
We have scrutinized the impugned order in light of the submissions advanced by Advocate Shri.Mendadkar. The claims of the petitioners were
made over to the Scrutiny Committee, Nashik by the Principal Government Polytechnic Nashik, for education purposes. The petitioners relied on
several documents and the oldest document being a copy of school leaving certificate of the applicant's cousin grandfather Shri.Bhaskar Sonu Jadhav
issued by the Zilla Parishad Prathamic Vidyamandir, Nimgaon, TalukaÂMalegaon, DistrictÂNashik wherein the date of admission is recorded as
09.06.1956 and the caste is recorded Mahadev Koli. The petitioner relied on the three validity certificates but for the validity certificate of his
father, issued by the Nashik Committee, the petitioner do not press into service the validity certificates issued in favour of his cousin brothers, since
they are from the maternal side. However, the petitioners have relied upon the validity certificate issued in favour of his father on 03.05.2008 and
by the very same Nashik Committee would submit that once the father has been declared as belonging to Mahadev Koli, Scheduled Tribe, the same
benefit should be extended to them as the son takes the caste from his father and once when the father is declared to be belonging to Mahadev Koli,
then the petitioners cannot be deprived of the same social status.
The Scrutiny Committee referred to the said validity certificate granted in favour of the father of the petitioner by the very same committee on
03.05.2008. The committee recorded a finding that the validity certificate was issued to Shri.Ashok Trimbak Jadhav on his selection as subÂ‐
teacher, Nashik and at the time of the scrutiny of his claim he had submitted following documents :Â
(a) School leaving certificate of ShriAshok Trimbak Jadhav's father namely Shri.Trimbak Sonu Koli issued by Zilla Parishad Prathamic Vidyamandir,
Nimgaon, TalukaÂMalegaon, DistrictÂNashik wherein date of admission is 02Â04Â1951 and the caste is recorded as Koli.
(b) In case of Shri.Ashok brother of Shri.Shantram Trimbak Jadhav, committee passed an order where it was mentioned as Shri.Shantram is
individually entitled to get benefit of Mahadev Koli, Scheduled Tribe Community.Â
The committee has also made a reference to the document of the grand father of the petitioners Shri.Trimbak Sone Jadhav which was revealed at the
time of the Vigilance enquiry and the said document reflect the caste of the grandfather of the petitioners as Hindu Koli. The committee though
granted validity infavour of the father of the petitioners, records that he had submitted the document of his father namely Shri.Trimbak Sone Jadhav
where the caste was mentioned as Koli and since it was a preÂconsitutional document, and the caste was recorded as Koli, the claim of the
petitioners that they belongs to Mahadev Koli cannot be sustained.Â
 8. The committee had referred the claim of the petitioners for Vigilance Enquiry and the Vigilance Cell report is placed by the petitioners at
ExhibitÂD. The Vigilance Enquriy refers to the documents relied upon by the petitioners to substantiate their claim and had relied upon a school
leaving certificate in favour of Shri.Bhaskar Sonu Jadhav cousin grandfather where the date of birth is recorded as 02.06.1946 and the date of
admission in the school is recorded as 09.06.1956. The petitioner had placed before the committee the genealogical tree, which reveals that the
great grandfather of the petitioner was Shri.Sonu Manaji Jadhav who had two sons namely Shri.Trimbak Sonu Jadhav and Shri.Bhaskar Sonu Jadhav
grandfather and cousin grandfather of the petitioners. The father of the petitioners is son of Shri.Trimbak and has been granted validity certificate,
inspite of the fact that during scrutiny of the claim, the committee had noted the entry in favour of Shri.Trimbak Sonu Jadhav as Hindu Koli. The
Vigilance Cell examined the said document and also referred to the entry in respect of the cousin grandfather of the petitioner Shri.Bhaskar Sonu
Jadhav, who is the real brother of Shri.Trimbak Sonu Jadhav. Admittedly Shri.Bhaskar Sonu Jadhav is younger to Shri.Trimbak Sonu Jadhav since
date of birth of Trimbak is 04.04.1994 whereas Bhaskar's is 02.06.1946. Shri.Trimbak Jadhav who is grandfather of the petitioner was admitted in
school on 02.04.1951 whereas Shri.Bhaskar Jadhav was admitted on 09.06.1956. In case of Shri.Trimbak caste is recorded as Hindu Koli whereas
in case of Shri.Bhaskar caste is recorded as “Hindu Mahadev Koli†. The Vigilance Cell has reported about both these entries. Inspite of an
entry of Hindu Koli in the document belonging to the grandfather of the petitioner, the father of the petitioner came to be granted the validity
certificate. The same committee is now refusing the claim of the petitioner as Mahadev Koli based on the said entry of Hindu Koli in case of his
grandfather. However, it is apparent that during the Vigilance Enquiry the committee had procured a document reflecting the entry of caste as Hindu
Mahadev Koli in favour of the cousin grandfather of the petitioner which is also a preÂconstitutional document. In case of another brother of the
petitioners father, that is Shri.Shantaram Trimbak, the committee had held that he was individually entitled to get the benefit of Mahadev Koli,
Scheduled Tribe. It is not understood as to how committee could have made such an observations. The Caste/Tribe is an identification bestowed
upon a person which flows from his ancestors and is carried forward in the next generation. It has to run in continuity in the family and cannot be
segregated at a particular stage nor can it be restricted to a particular member in a clan, if they follow a common ancestral lineage. The Vigilance
Cell has clearly come out with a case that two different entries are recorded in two preÂconstitutional documents in respect of two real brothers.Â
The committee granted validity in favour of the father of the petitioner inspite of an adverse entry in respect of his own father and the said validity has
been granted in the year 2008 itself. Cousin uncle of the petitioner Shri.Shantaram Trimbak has also been granted validity certificate with a
restriction that he individually is entitled to get the benefit. However, the two petitioners who are sons of Shri.Ashok Trimbak who has been declared
as belonging to Mahadev Koli tribe are denied the certificates on the basis of an entry in the school register of their grandfather Shri.Trimbak Sonu
Jadhav being recorded as Koli. The reasoning given by the committee appears to be strange as the father of the petitioner is a Mahadev Koli but
the petitioners have been refused the said claim and they have been refused the said status on the ground that on the basis of documentary evidence
and by applying affinity test they could not establish their ethnic linkage towards Koli Mahadev, Scheduled Tribe.
No attempt has been made to issue any show cause notice to the father of the petitioner who has been issued validity certificate by the said committee
and the only reasoning while discarding the said certificate, which the committee gives is that it is not inclined extend the ratio of the validity
certificates to the petitioners and it is not proper to carry forward the same mistake. However, if grant of validity certificate to father of the petitioner
i.e. Shri.Ashok Trimbak Jadhav was a mistake it was open for the committee to initiate proper steps for reopening the validity conferred upon the
Shri.Ashok Trimbak Jadhav. However, committee preferred not to follow the said path and merely refuses the validity certificates to the
petitioners.Â
It is settled position of law that a stray entry cannot be decisive and cannot be relied on, in isolation of other documents in determining a claim of a
particular claimant and if the preconsitutional documents are to be construed as having great probative value then another entry in favour of the cousin
grandfather of the petitioner which records the caste as “Hindu Mahadev Koli†cannot be completely ignored. It is upto the committee to take
a call whether to further investigate and reopen the claim of the father of the petitioner Shri.Ashok Trimbak Jadhav. However, we do not intend to
suggest the course of action to be followed by the committee. However, since the committee has already granted validity in favour of the father of
the petitioner, petitioner is also entitled for declaration that he belongs to the same tribe namely Mahadev Koli, recognized as a Scheduled Tribe and
entitled for all the benefits flowing from such a status being conferred. However, if the committee at future point of time decides to follow the
course of action of reopening the claim of the father of the petitioner, it is at liberty to do so. However, till that time the petitioners are entitled to
enjoy the same status as their father Shri.Ashok Trimbak Jadhav as belonging to Mahadev Koli, a Scheduled Tribe.Â
In the aforesaid circumstances, the impugned order is quashed and set aside. The respondent No.2Âcommittee is directed to issue validity
certificates in favour of the petitioners as “Mahadev Koli†within period of 15 days from the date of receipt of the order. Rule is made absolute in
the aforesaid terms.