Tribunals and CommissionsDivision Bench(2026) 05 ITAT CK 3437

Mayank Jain vs NFAU

Income Tax Appellate Tribunal, Delhi · Decided on 21 May 2026

HON’BLE JUDGES
Satbeer Singh Godara, J · Naveen Chandra, A.M.
CASE NUMBER
ITA No. 7966/Del/2025 [A.Y. 2018-19]; ITA No. 7967/Del/2025 [A.Y. 2018-19]; ITA No.7968/Del/2025 [A.Y. 2019-20]

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Judgment

40 paragraphs · 3,023 words

PER NAVEEN CHANDRA, ACCOUNTANT MEMBER:-

All the three appeals by the assessee is preferred against the order of the NFAC, Delhi dated 09.09.2025 pertaining to A.Ys. 2018-19 (for ITA Nos.7966 & 7967/Del/2025) and A.Y. 2021-22 (for ITA No.7968/Del/2025).

2.

Since the above captioned appeals were heard together and the facts in issues are identical, all these appeals are being disposed of by this common order for the sake of convenience and brevity.

3.

Grounds of appeal raised by assessee in ITA No.7966/Del2025 are as under:

1.

That the impugned orders of both the Ld. lower authorities are bad in law, illegal, unjustified, unreasonable, arbitrary, against the principal of natural justice and contrary to the facts and circumstances of the case and thus are liable to be set aside.

2.

That in the facts and circumstances of the case, the Ld. NFAU has erred in law for non-mentioning the fact in 143(2) notices whether the said notice is limited or complete scrutiny or compulsory manual scrutiny, as mandated in the C.B.D.T. Instruction F. No. 225/157/2017/ITA-II Dated 23-06-2017, therefore the impugned notice is invalid and bad in law and concluded assessment proceeding based upon such is ab initio void, ultra vires, hence all the addition deserves to be deleted.

3.

That on the facts and in the circumstances of the case the Ld. NFAC has erred in law, by without adjudicating the specific legal issue raised therein, in simply dismissing the Ground No. 2 of the first appeal which read as under, and which thus renders the impugned appeal order a non-speaking order and liable to be set aside qua the ground and issue involved therein and also the addition made by the Ld. NFAU is liable to be deleted in view of the said legal issue. “That the Ld. NFAU in the facts and circumstances of the case has grossly erred in law by making the addition of the differential amount of purchases u/s 69, because addition u/s 69 can be made in respect of value of an unrecorded investment towards which assessee either fails to explain the source or explanation so furnished by him was not found satisfactory, whereas it is trite that purchases or expenditure relating to business activity does falls under the meaning, scope and purview of investment referred u/s 69, thus the addition made in respect of differential of purchases u/s 69 is bad in law and liable to be annulled.”

4.

That in the facts and circumstances of the case the Ld. NFAC has erred both in law and on facts, in upholding the addition of Rs. Rs. 5,37,345/-assailed in Ground No. 4 stemming from the difference between purchases reported by the assessee and reported from some GST Data, firstly by considering the GST data as sacrosanct and independent which in fact is not correct and accurate always in all cases, secondly by not duly considering the relevant submission made by the assessee during assessment and appeal negating on facts the difference in amounts qua the alleged purchases related to parties referred, thirdly by failure to consider the difference included Rs. 88,800/- qua one party which was remanded back to assessing officer in adjudication of Ground No. 3 and thereby resulted in incongruity, fourthly by failure to consider the specific contention that relied upon GST data was not shared and brought on records rendering assessee berefted with proper opportunity to rebut resulted in impugned addition to be against the principles of natural justice, and thereby wholly and grossly renders both the impugned orders liable to be held bad in law, illegal, void, and set aside with deletion of the impugned addition.

5.

The Appellant craves leave to add, amend, alter, vary and / or withdraw any or all the above grounds of appeal and all the above grounds are without prejudice to each other.”

4.

Grounds of appeal raised by assessee in ITA No.7967/Del2025 are as under:

1.

“That the impugned orders of both the Ld. lower authorities are bad in law, illegal, unjustified, unreasonable, arbitrary, against the principal of natural justice and contrary to the facts and circumstances of the case and thus are liable to be set aside.

2.

That on the facts and circumstance of the case the Ld. NFAC has erred in law, in upholding the impugned penalty levied by the Ld. NFAU and dismissing the Ground Nos. 2,3,4 of the penalty appeal for the reason that the quantum addition is upheld and sustained by the Ld. NFAC in the quantum appeal preferred by the assessee wherein the assessee preferred similar grounds and by further stating that the levying of penalty is automatic upon addition u/s 69, and thereby failed to adjudicate penalty independently of addition which makes the impugned penalty order biased, invalid, mechanical and renders the impugned penalty order liable to be set aside and the impugned penalty liable to be deleted.

3.

That, on the facts and in the circumstances of the case, the Ld. NFAC has erred in law in dismissing Ground No. 5, which read as under, without adjudicating the specific legal issue raised therein which renders the impugned penalty order liable to be set aside and the impugned penalty liable to be deleted.

"5.

That in the facts and circumstances ofthe case the Ld. NFAU has erred in law for imposing penalty u/s 271AAC(1), because it is a trite no penalty can be levied upon any addition which is either without any corroborative and tangible material to reasonably establish evasion of tax or where such an addition is made upon estimations or ad-hoc addition/disallowance, whereas in the present case the addition made is wholly and entirely without any such tangible material and made on surmises by treating as income the difference in respect of purchase amount in GST-Data with ITRData, therefore penalty imposed is unsustainable and bad in law thus deserves to be deleted."

4.

The Appellant craves leave to add, amend, alter, vary and / or withdraw any or all the above grounds of appeal and all the above grounds are without prejudice to each other.”

5.

Brief facts of the case are that the assessee is an individual, engaged in the business of trading of various types of iron & steel and other metals. Assessee has filed its return of Income on 31.10.2018 declaring total Income of Rs.12,30,970/-. The return was processed u/s 143(1) of the Act and an intimation was issued under that section. Thereafter, assessee’s case was selected for scrutiny, and consequently notice under section 143(2) was issued for the reason that the assessee has made substantial purchases from multiple such suppliers who are either Non-Filer(s) or have filed non business ITR or reflected a substantially lower turnover in ITR as compared to turnover shown in GSTR 1 return.

6.

The ld NFAU passed assessment order under section 143(3) of the Act dated 12/04/2021 adding an amount of Rs.5,37,345/- on account of mismatching of purchases to u/s 69 of the Act and initiated penalty proceedings u/s 271AAC of the Act. In absence of any response from the assessee, the ld NFAU passed the penalty order u/s 271AAC dated 14.12.2021 and imposed penalty of Rs. 32,240/- (i.e. 10% of Net Tax payable u/s 115BBE i.e. Rs. 3,22,407/-).

7.

Upon appeal, the ld CIT(A) dismissed the appeal. Aggrieved, the assessee is now in appeal before the Tribunal.

8.

At the very outset, the ld. counsel for the assessee submitted that the ld. CIT(A) has decided the issue without providing adequate opportunity of being heard to the assessee for the present case. It is argued that the addition was sustained on account of the fact that reconciliation of purchase could be made.

9.

Per contra, learned DR has no objection in this regard and relied on the decision of AO.

10.

We have heard the rival submissions and perused the material available on record. First of all, the grievance against the issuance of notice u/s 143(2) in correct format is considered no longer res-integra. The issue of the validity of notice under Section 143(2) which do not conform to the format prescribed under CBDT Instruction F. No. 225/157/2017/ITA.II, dated 23 June 2017, has been decided against the assessee by the hon’ble Delhi High Court in the case of Bharat Bansal in WP(C) 2238/2026 dated 17.02.2026. Accordingly ground 2 is dismissed.

11.

With respect to the addition on account of purchases, we find that the issue involved in the purchases made from (i) Sumati Tradelinks PAN: AKIPB0994N of Rs. 4,48,545/- and (ii) Shri Mehndipur Balaji Traders PAN: AQIPF2789A of Rs. 88,800/-, totaling to Rs. 5,37,435/- has arisen on account of non-reconciliation between the purchase figures reported in the assessee’s own books of accounts and the figures reflected in the GST data. We are of the considered view that in the interest of natural justice and fair play, the issue of such reconciliation be set aside to the file of the AO for fresh adjudication. Similarly, it would be in fitness of things that the appeal against the consequent penalty u/s 271AAC(1), be also set aside to the file of the AO for fresh adjudication. The AO is directed to accord three effective opportunities to the assessee to present its case. Likewise, the assessee is directed to avail the opportunities and furnish documents/evidence as may be required by the AO. The grounds of both the above appeals are decided on the aforesaid terms.

ITA No. 7968/DEL/2025 AY 2021-22:

12.

Ground of appeal of the assessee in ITA No.7968 /Del/2025 are as under:

1.

“That the impugned orders of both the Ld. lower authorities are bad in law, illegal, unjustified, unreasonable, arbitrary, against the principal of natural justice and contrary to the facts and circumstances of the case and thus are liable to be set aside.

2.

That in the facts and circumstances of the case, the Ld. NFAU has erred in law for non-mentioning the fact in 143(2) notices whether the said notice is limited or complete scrutiny or compulsory manual scrutiny, as mandated in the C.B.D.T. Instruction F. No. 225/157/2017/ITA-II Dated 23-06-2017, therefore the impugned notice is invalid and bad in law and concluded assessment proceeding based upon such is ab initio void, ultra vires, hence all the addition deserves to be deleted.

3.

That in the facts and circumstance of the case Ld. NFAC while dismissing Ground No. 5 also erred in law in upholding the illegal addition by the Ld. NFAU u/s 69C in respect of purchases disallowed, whereas all the purchase were duly accounted for by the assessee in his audited books of accounts and no purchases found unaccounted and therefore such disallowance cannot be added u/s 69C rendering the said addition u/s 69C beyond its scope, bad in law and liable to be deleted.

4.

That in the facts and circumstance of the case, the Ld. NFAC has erred in law for dismissing all the additional evidences, whereas additional consisting medical records were accepted by Ld. NFAC in deleting the penalty imposed u/s 272A(1)(d) for failure to reply the statutory notices and whereas the additional evidences consisting of previous assessment orders passed in pursuant to assessments conducted for reasons similar and identical to present assessment i.e. verification of purchases and thus have a persuasive value and binding precedent in deciding the addition of purchases.

5.

That in the facts and circumstances of the case, the Ld. NFAC has failed to understand that, since assessee was severally affected with his own medical issues due to slip disk and diabetes and also with the ill health ofhis father caused due to kidney failure who also was in fact looking after the business operations and tax compliances of assessee's firm, the assessee could not make complete reply to enquiry notices and also could not make reply to SCN u/s 144 during assessment proceedings and therefore in these facts and circumstances assessee was effectively devoid of reasonable opportunity to present his case rendering both the lower orders liable to be set aside.

6.

That in the facts and circumstances of the case, the Ld. NFAC while dealing with Ground No. 3, failed to consider and adjudicate upon the issue of short opportunity of only two days provided to assessee to make reply against the SCN u/s 144 and therefore the impugned assessment order is bad in law, which makes the dismissal of Ground No. 3 bereft of any reason and thus renders the impugned appeal order liable to be set aside.

7.

That on the facts and circumstance of the case, both the lower authorities have grossly erred in law by making and upholding respectively, disallowance of entire purchases by solely relying upon information received by him and without conducting any independent verification towards accuracy, correctness and veracity thereof. The Ld. NFAC while adjudicating Ground No. 4 further erred in upholding the disallowance by dis-crediting the purchase registers, GST returns, book entries etc. where the identity and existence of parties remained unverified, whereas assessee cannot be fastened with liability if any vendor party who is not in his control does not reply and where no infirmity as to the accounts of assessee were found. In the aforesaid circumstances both the impugned assessment and adjudication are liable to be held erroneous, bad in law, illegal rendering the addition liable to be deleted.

8.

That on the facts and circumstance of the case Ld. NFAC while dismissing Ground No. 6 erred in law in upholding the invalid addition of entire purchases made by the Ld. NFAU by alleging such purchases to be bogus, despite that the Ld. NFAU accepted the amount of corresponding sales, opening and closing stock emanating from the very said alleged purchases pertaining to duly disclosed and registered trading business carried on by the assessee and hence making addition of the whole of purchases is wholly wrong, incorrect, perverse and against the trite law which renders the addition liable to be deleted.

9.

That on the facts and circumstance of the case, the Ld. NFAC while dismissing the ground no. 7 has erred in law in upholding the addition of whole of alleged purchases made by the Ld. NFAU whereas the addition was invalid on twin counts, firstly treating all purchases as bogus by relying upon one and only reply made by one of the suppliers and secondly without affording opportunity to the assessee to counter and Ld. NFAC is further erroneous in law in dismissing the contention of the assessee that relying on a third statement without cross examining is bad in law, these grossly renders both the impugned lower authority orders bad in law and the impugned addition liable to be deleted, being made at the back of the assessee.

10.

The Appellant craves leave to add, amend, alter, vary and / or withdraw any or all the above grounds of Appeal and all the above grounds are without prejudice to each other.”

13.

The facts in the instant case are the assessee filed his return of income for Assessment Year 2021–22 declaring a loss of Rs. 5,71,971/-, stating his business to be trading in iron and other metals. The case was selected for scrutiny on account of large purchases shown from parties who were either non-filers of income tax returns or had filed returns in non-business categories such as ITR–1 or 2 or had disclosed only very small turnovers. In absence of any response to notice u/s 143(2)/142(1), to verify the genuineness of purchases, the Ld. AO concluded that the purchases aggregating to Rs. 30,17,13,158/- from thirteen parties were not genuine, and accordingly treated the same as unexplained expenditure under section 69C of the Income Tax Act, 1961, relying inter alia on the judgment of the Hon’ble Supreme Court in the case of NK Proteins Ltd. Upon appeal, the addition were confirmed by the CIT(A). Aggrieved, the assessee is before us.

14.

The ld counsel of the assessee has taken ground of invalid notice u/s 143(2) which has herein above been decided against the assessee. The ground is therefore likewise dismissed.

15.

The other sole substantive ground is with regard to the disallowance of entire purchases made by the Ld. AO u/s 69C which is argued as not legally sustainable when the corresponding sales, opening stock and closing stock amount, has been accepted.

16.

Per contra, the ld DR relied heavily on the CIT(A).

17.

We have heard both the parties and perused the material available on record. In the instant case, we find that the assessee has attempted to prove the entire purchase as genuine but in the facts and circumstances of the instant case, it hardly deserves to be accepted in entirety as the parties from whom the purchases were made, did not respond to the independent enquiries under section 133(6); the suppliers were either untraceable; or denied having entered into any transactions, or failed altogether to respond. We are of the opinion that the assessee did not discharge the onus to establish the genuineness of the purchases through cogent evidence. On the other hand, the Revenue’s endeavour to tax the entire purchase without disputing the corresponding sales, opening stock and closing stock amount which necessarily emanates from the purchases, is also not justified. In this factual matrix, we are of the considered view that the profit embedded in the bogus purchase only will be suffice for taxation in the hands of the assessee. We accordingly hold that a profit of 5% embedded in the impugned disputed purchases, would meet the end of justice, to be taxed as income of the assessee. We are fortified in our view by the decision of the hon’ble Gujrat High Court in the case of PCIT vs Sunilkumar Parasmal Jain in C/TAXAP/1060/2024 dated 11 November, 2025 wherein disallowances @ 6% of impugned purchases/disputed purchases was held sufficient to meet the possibility of revenue leakage. The SLP (C) No. 26305/2023, against the said decision was dismissed by the hon’ble Supreme Court on 28.11.2023. The grounds are decided in aforesaid terms and are partly allowed.

18.

In the combined result, appeal in ITA Nos.7966 & 7967/Del/2025 are allowed for statistical purposes and appeal in ITA No.7968/Del/2025 is partly allowed.