COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX vs SITALAKSHMI MILLS LTD.

A. R. LAKSHMANAN, J. :

The above writ appeal is directed against the order of a learned single judge of this Court made in WP No. 2132 of 1987, dt. 28th July, 1995

allowing the writ petition filed by the respondent herein and thereby quashing the proceedings of the CIT, Madurai, in C. No. 401/1/104/86-87 dt.

24th February, 1987, whereunder the appellant herein has chosen to call upon the respondent herein to show-cause as to why the order enhancing

or modifying the assessment or cancelling the assessment and directing a fresh assessment should not be made. In the concluding portion of

paragraph 4 of the impugned notice, it is stated that the depreciation as computed at 15 per cent in the original order dt. 25th March, 1985, but

actually allowed in the revision order dt. 11th December, 1985, is prejudicial to the interests of the Revenue and hence erroneous, requiring

interference by the CIT under s. 263 of the IT Act, 1961.

The IAC (Asst.) Madurai, as the AO, while making the assessment for the asst. yr. 1982-83 by his assessment order passed on 25th March,

1985 inter alia omitted to allow depreciation on the staple fibre yarn machinery used by the petitioner, though he had in the said order decided to

grant depreciation at 15 per cent on the said machinery.

The writ petitioner filed an appeal against the said order to the CIT(A), Madurai, who by his order in ITA Nos. 51/84-85, 61/85-86 & 70/85-86

dt. 14th October, 1985 allowed the claim of the writ petitioner in the following terms :

Mistake in computation of depreciation Rs. 8,97,482 - The IAC stated in para-14 of the assessment order that he would allow a depreciation of

Rs. 8,97,482 but actually he forgot to allow this deduction while computing the total income which he arrived at Rs. 31,90,314. This appears to be

an oversight. He is directed to rectify this mistake. This ground is allowed"".

Pursuant to this direction the IAC, Madurai, passed his consequential orders dt. 11th December, 1985 granting depreciation on staple fibre yarn

machinery at 15 per cent. The said order reads thus :

PROCEEDINGS OF IAC (ASST) : RANGE-I, MADURAI

Present : Shri A. Selvaraj

47-016-CO-4063 Date : 11th December, 1985

Sub : Income Tax assessment 1982-83-Sethalakshmi Mills, Mills premises, Thirunagar, Revision of Reg.

Ref : Order of the CIT(A) in ITA No. 70/85-86/IAC/Mdu 14th October, 1985.

Order :

The assessment completed under s. 143(3) on 25th March, 1985 is revised for the following reasons.

To give effect to the CIT(A)s order cited above.

The business income arrived at should be Rs. 35,98,223 instead of Rs. 34,98,223 calling for objection. A letter was issued on 12th September,

1985 to the assessee calling for objection. Assessee requests allowance of depreciation omitted to be allowed Rs. 8,97,482 while it has no

objection for the rectifying the error in total income. The CIT(A) has also allowed the depreciation on staple fibre machineries. Therefore,

depreciation at 15 per cent on staple fibre machinery is allowed and the error in totalling is rectified in this order as under :

I. Income from house property : Rs. 12,529

II. Business income

Income as per original asst. dt. 25th March, 1985 Rs. 34,98,223

Add : Difference in Totalling Rs. 1,00,000

Rs. 35,98,223

Less : Relief allowed by CIT(A)

Incentive wage (para-17) Rs. 14,38,796

ESA on generator (para 26) Rs. 9,556

Depreciation on staple fibre Rs. 8,97,482 Rs. 23,45,807 Rs. 12,52,416

machinery

III. Income from other sources :

Dividend Rs. 2,71,188

Revised gross total income Rs. 15,36,133

Less : Deduction under Chapter-

VIA

Under s. 80M Rs. 1,62,700

Under s. 80G allowable (50% of Rs. 47,325

Rs. 94,650)

Allowed Rs. 2,000

Further allowed by CIT(A) Rs. 45,325 Rs. 47,325

Under s. 80J Rs. 4,24,076

Under s. 80VV Rs. 2,850 Rs. 6,36,951

Rs. 8,99,182

Or

Rs. 8,99,180

Income tax on 8,99180 at 55 per Rs. 4,94,549

cent

Add : Surcharge at 2/1/2 per cent Rs. 12,364

Total Rs. 5,06,913

Less : Tax paid Rs. 7,21,798

Balance refund Rs. 2,14,885

(Sd.)......

/A. Selvaraj/ IAC.

According to the Revenue, the staple fibre machinery was entitled to depreciation only at 10 per cent and not at 15 per cent as presumed and

granted by the IAC, Madurai, and that the order of the CIT(A), Madurai dt. 14th October, 1985, referred to above dealt with appeals relating to

the three asst. yrs. 1978-79, 1979-80 and 1982-83. In respect of the asst. yr. 1979-80, one of the issues that was considered and decided in the

said order related to the amount of depreciation that will be allowable in respect of staple fibre machinery. In disposing of this issue the CIT(A),

Madurai, held as follows :

The appellant says that depreciation at the rate of 15 per cent should be allowed on these machines which manufacture staple fibre yarn and the

appellant says that the IAC himself has allowed this higher rate for the subsequent asst. yr. 1981-82.

I find that item III (ii)B(3) of the depreciation table speaks of ""Artificial silk manufacturing machinery and plant except wooden parts"". This does

not speak of ""staple fibre"" as claimed by the appellant. Hence the assessees argument has no force"".

Accordingly, the Department felt that the excess grant of depreciation at 15 per cent on the staple fibre machinery for asst. yr. 1982-83 was

prejudicial to the Revenue and hence the CIT, exercised his suo motu revisional power under s. 263 of the IT Act, 1961, in order to revise the

assessment and grant only 10 per cent depreciation on the staple fibre yarn machinery and issued his notice dt. 24th February, 1987. In the notice

dt. 24th February, 1987, in para. 4 and para. 5 it is stated as under :

Instead of the 10 per cent normal depreciation, the assessee had claimed the higher rate of depreciation in respect of the staple fibre machinery

and plant. Item III(ii)B(3) of the depreciation table speaks of ""artificial silk manufacturing machinery and plant except wooden parts"". But this does

not speak of ""staple fibre"" as claimed by the assessee. Chambers 20th Century Dictionary defines ""staple"" as manufactured wool or other raw

material textile fibre. Hence the staple fibre machinery will not fall or fit in the group of ""artificial silk manufacturing machinery and plant"". Therefore,

the depreciation as computed at 15 per cent in the original order dt. 25th March, 1985 (but actually allowed in the revision order dt. 11th

December, 1985) is prejudicial to the interests of Revenue and hence erroneous requiring interference by the CIT under s. 263 of the IT Act,

1961.

In exercise of the powers conferred on me under s. 263 of the IT Act, 1961, it is proposed to pass such order as the circumstances of the case

justify, including an order enhancing or modifying the assessment or cancelling the assessment and directing a fresh assessment to be made"".

The assessee was permitted to file their objection if any, in writing against the proposed action.

The assessee instead of filing objection to the notice dt. 24th February, 1987, to the CIT under s. 263 of the Act, rushed to this Court and filed

the above writ petition to call for the records of the respondent dt. 24th February, 1987, and to quash the same, and consequently to restrain the

CIT from taking any further proceedings in this regard, to the assessment of the petitioner pursuant to his notice in C. No. 401/1/104/1986-87, dt.

24th February, 1987, for the asst. yr. 1982-83. In the writ petition, it was contended that the original assessment order of the assessing authority

has merged with the order of the appellate authority and, therefore, no order of the assessing authority survives or is available for revision admitted

under s. 253 of the Act to the CIT and that s. 263 empowers the CIT to revise the orders of his subordinates only i.e., the assessing authority and

in as much as the order of the assessing authority has merged with that of the appellate authority and in as much as the ground on which the

respondent seeks to revise the original assessment has been considered and allowed by the appellate authority, the respondent has absolutely no

jurisdiction to invoke the powers under s. 263 of the Act.

The writ petition was resisted by the Department contending that the notice issued by the CIT is perfectly legal and valid in law and cannot at all

be assailed or taken exception to, as stated by the writ petitioner. It is also stated that the impugned notice was issued by the CIT for the purpose

of restricting the depreciation granted to staple fibre yarn machinery to 10 per cent instead of 15 per cent that had been in the assessment, and that

the issue as to the correct rate of depreciation that would be allowable to the staple fibre yarn machinery was not in issue before the CIT(A) for

this assessment year though the issue was considered for an earlier asst. yr. 1979-80 and hence it is submitted that by reason of Explanation (c) to

s. 263(1) extracted earlier, the issue of the impugned notice by the CIT was perfectly in order and cannot be taken exception to.

Learned single judge of this Court, by order dt. 28th July, 1995, has allowed the writ petition and quashed the notice dt. 24th February, 1987.

According to the learned single judge, the subject-matter for the issue relating to the allowance of the claim relating to depreciation was very much

before the appellate authority and considered and dealt with and ultimately allowed as noticed in the said order and it is not the reason for which

the claim is allowed by an appellate authority that is relevant but for appreciating the question as to whether a particular claim was the subject-

matter of the appeal before the appellate authority was to see whether really the issue relating to the subject of claim was for consideration before

the appellate authority. Learned judge has also found that the Department has failed before the appellate authority to project the claim of the

Department properly, and thereby oppose the claim of the assessee and, therefore, the Department cannot invoke the suo motu powers of revision

under s. 263 of the Act. The learned single judge also held that the Department cannot place reliance or have the advantage of Explanation (c) to s.

263(1), in view of his specific finding in the order that the question of the correct rate also was and ought to be held as having been part and parcel

of the claim of depreciation claimed and allowed in the appeal.

Aggrieved by the above order, this writ appeal has been filed in this Court.

Mr. S. V. Subramanian, learned senior standing counsel for Income Tax, contended that the learned single judge is not correct in his view that

para. 27 of the order of the appellate authority would show the subject-matter of the issue relating to allowance of the claim relating to depreciation

was very much before the appellate authority and considered and dealt with and ultimately allowed by the said appellate authority. He has also

relied on the decision in Vedantham Raghaviah Vs. Third Additional Income Tax Officer, City Circle V, Madras., which according to him is the

authority for the decision that once order of rectification is passed, the assessment itself is modified and what remains is not the order of

rectification but only the assessment as rectified. In ground No. 9, it has been specifically stated that the writ petition having been filed only against

a show-cause notice, the respondent herein should not have been permitted to bypass the remedy under the statute but should have been directed

to file its reply to the said show-cause notice and pursue the remedies under the statute.

The writ petition was admitted on 5th March, 1987, and interim stay of further proceedings was granted by this Court and subsequently by

order dt. 17th December, 1987, this Court directed that the order pursuant to the impugned notice may be passed but shall not be given effect to

until the disposal of the writ petition. Venkataswami, J. (as he then was) passed the above order in the following terms :

The interim stay is made absolute, only to the extent of giving effect to the order.

In other orders, the ITO can pass final orders in the light of the order passed by the CIT, but cannot give effect to the revised order"".

Pursuant to this direction, the case was posted for hearing on 29th February, 1988, on which date Shri M. S. Sivanath, director of the assessee-

company appeared and the case was discussed with him. The CIT, Madurai, after considering the representation of the assessees representative

and also of the records directed the IAC (Asst.) Range-I, Madurai, to modify the assessment by restricting the depreciation on staple fibre

manufacturing machinery to 10 per cent from 15 per cent. This order was passed on 21st March, 1988 but was not communicated to the

assessee, as directed by this Court and was kept in abeyance until the matter is finally disposed of by this Court. An appeal against the said order

would lie before the Tribunal which should be filed within 60 days from the date of receipt of the order by the CIT, Madurai. In view of the

direction given by this Court, the CIT has not so far served the order on the assessee. We, therefore, direct the CIT, Madurai, to serve a copy of

the order in C. No. 401/1/51/87-88, dt. 21st March, 1988, on the assessee, so that the assessee would be in a position to file an appeal within 60

days from the date of receipt of the said order on them. As seen earlier, the CIT, Madurai, by his order under s. 263 of the Act had proposed to

pass an order reducing the depreciation at 15 per cent to 10 per cent and cancelling of assessment and directing a fresh assessment to be made.

The assessee was asked to submit his objections in writing to the proposed action. However, the assessee without submitting his objections in

writing, has rushed to this Court by filing the above writ petition to quash the notice dt. 24th February, 1987. However, the writ petition was

entertained by this Court and was allowed ultimately quashing the impugned notice. This apart, during the pendency of the writ petition, this Court

permitted the ITO, Madurai, to pass final orders pursuant to the impugned notice but directed that it shall not give effect to the same until the

disposal of the writ petition. It is now stated that pursuant to the said direction, the CIT has passed his final orders on 21st March, 1988, but as

directed by the Court, it was not given effect to. The order passed by the ITO, Madurai, in original was placed before us. The assessee was

represented by Mr. M. S. Sivanath, director of the assessee, before the officer and he also argued the matter and placed materials in support of

their claim. The officer ultimately passed an order modifying the assessment by restricting the depreciation on staple fibre manufacturing machinery

to 10 per cent. Against this order, an appeal would lie before the Tribunal which should be filed within 60 days from the date of receipt of the

order. In our opinion, the writ petition is not maintainable or entertainable by this Court on two grounds. The first is that it is against the proposed

action by the Department proposing to revise the rate of depreciation from 15 per cent to 10 per cent and the second is that during the pendency

of the writ petition, the CIT himself was permitted to pass final orders and during the enquiry by the CIT, the assessee was represented by one of

his directors, who put forth his case before the CIT and when the assessee himself has participated in the proceedings before the CIT and

contested the proceedings, it has to be presumed that the assessee was not interested in pursuing or prosecuting the writ petition. In this case, the

CIT has passed the order on 21st March, 1988, long prior to the order passed in the writ petition. The order passed by the CIT was not given

effect to because of the direction given by this Court, awaiting the final outcome of the writ petition. We are therefore, of the view that an

opportunity must be given to the assessee to file an appeal to the Tribunal within 60 days from the date of receipt of the order and contest the same

on merits and in accordance with law. Accordingly, the CIT, Madurai, is directed to communicate the order dt. 21st March, 1988, to the assessee

immediately and the assessee will have 60 days time for filing an appeal before the Tribunal from the date of service of the order.

In view of the directions now given by this Court, the order of the learned single judge dt. 28th July, 1995, and made in WP No. 2132 of

1987 is set aside and the notice under s. 263 of the Act issued for 1982-83 by the CIT, Madurai dt. 24th February, 1987, and impugned in the

writ petition is restored. However, the respondent herein/the writ petitioner is at liberty to raise all the contentions which have been raised by them

in the writ petition and also all the other factual and legal questions before the Tribunal"".

For all the foregoing reasons, the writ appeal is allowed with the above observations. However, there will be no order as to costs.