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Judgment
AS PER MR. ABNI RANJAN KUMAR SINHA, MEMBER (JUDICIAL)
Since the prayers made in both the Interlocutory Applications are related with each other, therefore, we would like to dispose of both these IAs by this common order.
IA-1178/2021:
By filing this application under Regulation 45(3) of the IBBI (Liquidation Process) Regulations, 2016, the liquidator has prayed to accept the final report along with the Compliance Certificate in Form H.
It is contended in the application that the liquidation order was passed on 04.06.2019 and uploaded on 19.06.2019.
It is further contended that the public announcement was made on 21.06.2019 and liquidator had received claims from the various stakeholders. Thereafter, the liquidator had taken various steps which are shown in Form H.
It is further contended that during the liquidation proceedings, the secured creditors have decided to relinquish their right in the assets of the Corporate Debtor and after relinquishment, the liquidator has created liquidation estate taking all the assets into consideration. And meeting of financial creditors was held on 17.10.2019 to explore transfer of Corporate Debtor as a “going concern” under Regulation 32 (e) of the liquidation process before exploring the sale of individual assets. It is further contended, accordingly, the expression of interest was issued on 01.11.2019 inviting financial bids from interested parties. It is further contended that M/s XOR Technologies LLP was declared as successful bidder being the highest financial bidder at 15.51 crores and the Corporate Debtor was offered to be transferred on “AS IS WHERE IS” “AS IS WHAT IS” and “WHATEVER THERE IS” basis.
It is further contended that the liquidator had issued a Letter of Intent to the successful bidder on 08.12.2019 and accordingly, successful bidder along with his associate, have made due payments, as per the terms mentioned in the LOI. It is further contended, after receiving the entire payments, as per the terms of LOI, the Corporate Debtor has been transferred by way of issuing fresh equity shares.
It is further contended that the liquidator has issued Sale Certificate containing the shareholding structure and the respective documents. (Annexure H with this application).
It is further contended that the process of acquisition got completed through as Acquisition Agreement executed on 20.02.2020 with effective from 31.01.2020 with the New Shareholders.
It is further contended that the post-acquisition of the Corporate Debtor on 31.03.2020 as a going concern, the new shareholders through an EGM held on 07.02.2020 resolved to appoint new board members for constitution of the Board.
It is further contended that based on the letter dated 24.02.2020 by the acquirer/shareholders, liquidator on 27.02.2020 had apprised the Registrar of Companies, Delhi (ROC), Ministry of Corporate Affairs for updating of public records and composition of the new Board of Directors.
It is further contended that in terms of Section 36(4)(a)(iii) dues of Workman and Employees from Provident Fund and Gratuity have been specifically carved out from the amounts available for distribution among the stakeholders. It is further contended that the remaining proceeds have been distributed as per Section 53 of the Code. The scanned copy of the detailed amounts for distribution amount the stakeholders as well as distribution as per Section 53 are reproduced below:-
In terms of Section 36(4)(a)(iii), dues to Workman and Employees from Provident Fund and Gratuity has been specifically carved out from the amounts available for distribution among the stakeholders. Details of amounts distributed as per the said section are given below
| Particulars | Amount in Rs. |
|---|---|
| PF Payment (Employees) | 127,164 |
| Gratuity (Worker) | 4,608,699 |
| Gratuity (Employees) | 2,548,041 |
| Total | 7,283,904 |
The remaining proceeds have been distributed as per Section 53 of the Code. Details of Distribution as follows
| Section | Particulars | Amount in Rs. |
|---|---|---|
| 53(1)(a) | Insolvency Resolution Process and Liquidation Cost | |
| • Insolvency Resolution Process Cost | 6,328,659 | |
| • Liquidation Cost | 12,749,581 | |
| 53(1)(b)(i) | Workmen | 966,016 |
| 53(1)(b)(ii) | Secured Creditors | 127,971,668 |
| Total | 148,015,924 |
It is further contended that the out of proceeds distributed among workers mentioned (supra), amounts due and payable to some workers (three in number) could not be distributed as those workers could not be contacted and the amount payable to these workers have been deposited in the Corporate Liquidation Account in terms of Regulation 46 of the IBBI (Liquidation Process) Regulations, 2016.
It is further contended that the liquidation process have been concluded without dissolving the Corporate Debtor and hence the Corporate entity will function under the same name and identification number and so the order may be passed under Regulation 45(3) of the IBBI (Liquidation Process) Regulations, 2016.
IA/3112/2021:
By filing this application under Section 60(5) of the IBC, 2016 read with Rule 11 of the NCLT Rules, 2016, the applicant who is one of the director/member of the newly constituted Board post acquisition of Corporate Debtor by successful bidder and has prayed for the following reliefs. The scanned copy of the prayer is reproduced below: -
PRAYER
In view of above said facts and circumstances, it is prayed most respectfully to this Hon'ble Tribunal to provide declare that:
(i)In the interest of all the Stakeholders, Final Report submitted by the Liquidator may be taken on record and accordingly liquidation proceedings against Autodecor Pvt. Ltd may be concluded under regulation 32(e) of IBBI (Liquidation Process) Regulations, 2016 by including name of the Acquirer(s)/ Successful Bidder and new management in the order;
(ii)The Acquirers / Successful Bidder have taken the control of the Corporate Debtor from 31st January 2020 (date of Acquisition) and the new management has taken over the company from that day onwards;
(iii)All outstanding liabilities, dues payable, action against the company prior to the date of acquisition shall be extinguished in terms of Section 32A of the Code and the Acquirer(s) and new management have started the operations from clean slate;
(iv)All liabilities against Corporate Debtor from any creditor being Secured, Unsecured, Operational, Statutory, Interest/Penalty/fee arisen or due to the acts done prior to (31^{\text{st}}) January 2020, whether claimed, unclaimed, contingent, crystallized, left unpaid under Section 53 shall stand permanently extinguished;
(v)For the clarity of all the Stakeholders, it humbly prayed to incorporate pay-outs due and made to Stakeholders as per Section 53 of the Code by the Ld. Liquidator against the respective claims;
(vi)All the compliances for the period up to the Date of Acquisition including filing of necessary documents and returns with the Registrar of Companies, Income Tax Authorities and any related fine or penalties be waived off;
(vii)For the past events upto 31/1/2020, the Acquirer(s) or New Management does not require to seek Permissions, NOCs, No Dues Certificates etc. from any statutory authority or department including but not limited to new claims from ROC, Income Tax, Goods & Service Tax, Customs Duty, Value Added Tax, Service Tax, Wealth Tax, Cess, Provident Fund, ESI, Electricity (DHBVN) & Water, HSIIDC etc. in accordance with provisions of Section 32A and Section 238 of the Code.
(viii)All inquiries, investigations, assessments, notices, cause of action, suits, claims, disputes, litigations, arbitrations or other judicial, regulatory or administrative proceedings against, or in relation to, or in connection with the Corporate Debtor or the affairs of the Corporate Debtor (other than against the erstwhile promoters of former member of the management of the Corporate Debtor) pending or threatened, present or future in relation to any period prior to the Date of Acquisition shall be deemed to be withdrawn or disposed or dismissed;
(ix)Any non-compliance of provisions of any laws, rules and regulations, directions, notifications, circulars, guidelines, policies, licenses, approvals, consents or permissions prior to the Date of Acquisition shall be deemed to be extinguished;
(x)All pending charges against the Corporate Debtor in the records of Registrar of Companies, outstanding as on the Date of Acquisition, be closed and satisfied upon treatment given by Ld. Liquidator u/s 53 of IBC, 2016;
(xi)The Corporate Debtor shall have a right to review and terminate any contract that was entered into prior to the date of the Liquidation Order;
(xii)All subsisting consents, licence, approvals, rights, entitlements, benefits and privileges whether under the law of Contract, Lease or Licence, granted in favour of Corporate Debtor or to which the Corporate Debtor is entitled to shall, notwithstanding any provisions of the contrary in their terms and irrespective of the commencement of the insolvency/liquidation proceedings under the Code, in relation to the Corporate Debtor, be deemed to continue without disruption, for the benefit of the Corporate Debtor and all additional licences, registrations and consents required by the Corporate Debtor be made available immediately from the Date of Acquisition;
(xiii)To pass any other or further order(s) which this Hon'ble Tribunal may deem fit and proper in the interest of justice.
On perusal of the averments made in the application, it is seen, so far as the submissions on the public announcement, auctions are concerned, the applicants have stated almost the same statements as stated by the applicant of IA/1178/2021, therefore, it is needless to repeat the same.
It is further contended that in view of Sale Certificate issued on 31.01.2020, the successful bidder have taken over possession of the assets of the Corporate Debtor and deputed their security.
It is further contended that the Acquisition Agreement has covered all the relevant intents of IBC, 2016 and related liquidation Regulations. The scanned copy of the para 14 of the application is reproduced below:-
14.That on 20.02.2020, the new Acquirer(s) / Successful Bidder / New Shareholders signed an acquisition agreement with the liquidator detailing the terms and conditions of the transfer as per Regulation 32E of IBBI (Liquidation Process) Regulation, 2016. This acquisition agreement covered all the relevant intent of IBC, 2016 and related Liquidation Regulations i.e.
a)Immunity to the Acquirer(s) shall be provided as per Section 32A of the Code against any prior dues, defaults, offences Non Compliances Committed by the previous management.
b)In case of any inconsistencies with any other law for the time being in force, provisions under IBC shall prevail as per Section 238 of the Code.
c)All the liabilities whether claimed or not including equity share capital of the company shall be paid/treated as per Section 53 of the Code.
d)The transfer of Corporate Debtor is as per Regulation 32E of (Liquidation Process) Regulation, 2016.
It is further contended that in view of Section 32A of the IBC, a Corporate Debtor shall not be prosecuted for an offence committed prior to the Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process from the date on which a Resolution Plan is approved by the Adjudicating Authority.
It is further contended, Section 32A of IBC further clarifies that if a prosecution is instituted during the corporate insolvency resolution process against the corporate debtor, it shall stand discharged from the date of approval of the resolution plan and by placing reliance on Section 32A of the IBC, it is further contended on behalf of the applicant that an express order may be passed in the light of Section 32A of the IBC.
The applicant has also placed reliance upon the following decisions: -
Hon'ble Supreme Court in the matter of Ghanshyam Mishra & Sons Pvt. Ltd (Civil Appeal) No. 8129 of 2019 with WP (Civil) No. 1177 of 2020 with other appeals)
Hon'ble Supreme Court in the matter of Committee of Creditors of Essar Steel India Limited Vs. Satish Kumar Gupta and Others.
Hon'ble NCLT Mumbai in the matter of Bank of Baroda Vs. Topworth Pipes & Tubes Private Ltd. (IA No. 2264 of 2020 in CP IB No. 1239/MB/2018)
We have heard the Ld. Counsels for the applicants of both the applications and perused the averments made in the application as well as provisions and decisions referred to by the Ld. Counsels for the applicants in course of hearing.
IA/1178/2021:
At first, we would like to consider the submissions of the liquidator who has filed the application IA/1178/2021 under Regulation 45(3) of IBBI (Liquidation Process) Regulations, 2016.
Before considering the submissions of the applicant, at this juncture, we would like to refer to Form H. The scanned copy of the Form H is reproduced below: -
FORM II
COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE
[Under Regulation 45(3) of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (Liquidation Process) Regulations, 2016]
I, Sanjeev Ahuja, an insolvency professional enrolled with ICSI – IPA and registered with the Board with registration number IIBII/IPA/002/IP-N00028/2016-17/10061, am the Liquidator for the Liquidation Process of Autodecor Private Limited (CD)
2 The details of the Liquidation Process are as under
SLNo Particulars Description 1. Name of the corporate debtor Autodecor Private Limited 2. Case No. & NCLT Bench NCLT Delhi, Court – II Case No. – IB-530 (ND) 2018 3. Date of initiation of liquidation 19th June 2019 (Order dated 4th June 2019 was uploaded on the official website of NCLT on 19th June 2019) 4. Date of appointment of liquidator 19th June 2019 5. Date of commencement of CIRP 2nd August 2018 6. Name of RP during CIRP and his registration No. as IP Arun Jain (till 31.1.2019) IBBII/ Sanjeev Ahuja (from 1.2.2019) IBBII/IPA/002/IP-N00028/2016-17/10061 7. Name of Liquidator and his registration No. as IP Sanjeev Ahuja IBBII/IPA/002/IP-N00028/2016-17/10061 8. Date of Publication of Public Announcement under Form II 21st June 2019 9. Date of Intimation to Registry and Information Utility, if any, about commencement of Liquidation - 10. Date of handover of charge by RP 19th June 2019 11. Date of submission of compliance, if any, directed by AA in the liquidation order and its particulars - 12. Date of appointment of registered valuers, if any - 13. Date of notice for uncalled capital/unpaid capital contribution NA 14. Date of realisation of uncalled capital/unpaid capital contribution NA 15. Date of opening of liquidation account with Bank A/c details Date – 23/07/2019 State Bank of India A/C Number – 38583131164 16. Date of constitution of Consultation Committee 12th August 2019
17. No. of meetings of consultation committee held 1 18. Date of submission of list of stakeholders to AA 14th August 2019 19. Date of public announcement of list of stakeholders 20th August 2019 20. Date of filing of preliminary report & assets memorandum to AA 14th August 2019 21. Fair value 182,500,867 22. Liquidation value 150,901,334 23. Date of public announcement for auction (please add additional rows, if required) Liquidation was concluded through sale of Corporate Debtor as a Going Concern under Regulation 32 (e). Expression of Interest for sale of Corporate Debtor as a Going Concern under Regulation 32 (e) was given on 1st November 2019. 24. Date of order of AA to dispense with the public announcement for Auction NA 25. Date of permission of AA for physical Auction NA 26. Date of permission of AA for private sale NA 27. Date of permission of AA for distribution of unsold assets to stakeholders NA 28. Date of permission of the liquidator to realise the un-relinquished security interest by the secured creditor NA 29. Modified list of stakeholders and date of submission to AA Addition of Claim from GST Department received on 4th October 2019 Informed through Progress Report dated 14th October 2019 30. Date of first realization 5th November 2019 31. Date of Final realization 7th January 2020 32. Date of first distribution 10th February 2020 33. Date of second distribution - 34. Date of submission of Quarterly Progress Report-I (FY-1) 10th July 2019 35. Date of submission of Asset Sales Report to AA NA 36. Date of submission of Quarterly Progress Report-II 14th October 2019 37. Date of submission of Quarterly Progress Report-III 31st December 2019
38 Date of submission of Quarterly Progress Report-IV & Audit Report NA 39 Date of submission of Quarterly Progress Report-I (FY-2) NA 40 Date of submission of Quarterly Progress Report-II NA 41 Date of submission of Quarterly Progress Report-III NA 42 Date of submission of Quarterly Progress Report-IV & Audit Report NA 43 Date of intimation to statutory authority as applicable. a) PF b) ESI c) Income Tax Dept d) Inspector of Factory e) GST/VAT f) Others ROC- Delhi 30th June 2019 Ministry Corporate Affairs 30th June 2019 Income Tax 30th June 2019 GST 30th June 2019 PF 31st August 2019 DHBVN (Electricity Board) 17th September 2019 HSIDC (Water) 17th September 2019 HSIDC (Estate) 17th September 2019 44 Date of application to AA as per Reg 46(1) NA 45 Date of transfer of undistributed/unclaimed assets or proceeds of liquidation to public Account of India 03-Mar-20 46 Date of intimation as per Reg 46(1) 07-Mar-20 47 Date of Final Report to AA (prior to dissolution application) 09-Mar-20 The Liquidation process has concluded through transfer of Corporate Debtor as a 'Going Concern'. Hence Corporate Debtor will not get dissolved 3.The details of the assets as per Asset Memorandum and Final Sale Report are as under;
Sl No Assets Mode of Sale Estimated Liquidation Value Realisation Amount (Rs.) Date of Transfer to Liquidation Account 1. Plot No 07, Udyog Vihar Industrial Area, Phase-1, Gurgaon-Haryana Transfer as a whole as per Regulation 32(e) 28,873,480 Refer Note-1 Refer Note-2 2. Plot No 08, Udyog Vihar Industrial Area, Transfer as a whole as per 29,645,980 Refer Note-1 Refer Note-2
Phase-1, Gurgaon-Haryana Regulation 32(e) 3. Plot No 469, 470, 471 Sector 8, IMT Manesar, Gurgaon, Haryana Transfer as a whole as per Regulation 32(e) 82,302,799 Refer Note-1 Refer Note-2 4. Plant and machinery, Gurgaon Plant Transfer as a whole as per Regulation 32(e) 7,234,640 Refer Note-1 Refer Note-2 5. Plant and machinery, Rodrapar Plant Transfer as a whole as per Regulation 32(e) 2,029,643 Refer Note-1 Refer Note-2 6. Furniture, Fixtures etc. - Manesar Unit Transfer as a whole as per Regulation 32(e) 1,465,181 Refer Note-1 Refer Note-2 7. Inventories - Manesar Unit Transfer as a whole as per Regulation 32(e) 164,402 Refer Note-1 Refer Note-2 Note - 1 The Corporate Debtor has been transferred as Going Concern entity under Regulation 32(e) of IBBI (Liquidation Process) Regulations against a consolidated lump sum amount of Rs.15.51 Crores. Hence Individual amount of Realization can't be put before the Assets
Note - 2 The amount(s) had been received in the Liquidation Account as follows:
Date Amount Realized Realizations under Regulation 32(e) 04-Dec-19 100,000 05-Dec-19 2,500,000 17-Dec-19 12,910,000 09-Jan-20 70,000,000 09-Jan-20 60,500,000 Subtotal 155,100,000 Other Realizations 06-Nov-19 112,140.28 21-Nov-19 24,916 17-Jan-20 33,378 17-Jan-20 29,395 Subtotal 199,829 Grand Total 155,299,829 4.(a) Liquidation Value of Liquidation Estate - 150,901,334
(b)Amount realized from sale of Liquidation Estate – 155,299,828
(c)The amounts distributed to stakeholders as per section 52 or 53 of Code are as under
Sl No Stakeholders* under Section 52(1) Amount Claimed Amount Admitted Amount Distributed Amount Distributed to the Amount Claimed (%) Remarks 1. Financial Creditors 668,882,996 658,462,492 127,971,668 19.43% 2. Workmen 9,577,616 9,577,616 966,016 10.09% Amounts for Gratuity and PF were specifically carved out and paid in full to the Workmen and Employees as per Section 36(4)(a)(iii) * if there are sub categories in a category, please add rows for each sub category
5.The Liquidation Process has been conducted as per the timeline indicated in regulation 47 as under:
Section of the Code / Regulation No. Description of Task Timeline as per regulation 47 Actual Timeline Section 33 and 34 Commencement of liquidation and appointment of liquidator 19-Jun-19 19-Jun-19 Section 33 (1) (b) (ii) / Reg. 12 (1, 2, 3) Public announcement in Form B 24-Jun-19 21-Jun-19 Reg. 33 (2) Appointment of registered valuers 26-Jun-19 - Section 38 (1) and (3) Submission of claims; 19-Jul-19 19-Jul-19
Reg 21A Intimation of decision on relinquishment of security interest 19-Jul-19 04-Oct-19 Section 38 (1) Withdrawal/ modification of claim 02-Aug-19 - Reg. 30 Verification of claims received under regulation 12(2)(b) 18-Aug-19 08-Aug-19 Reg. 31A Constitution of SCC 18-Aug-19 11-Aug-19 Section 40 (2) Intimation about decision of acceptance/ rejection of claim 25-Aug-19 08-Aug-19 Reg. 31 (2) Filing the list of stakeholders and announcement to public 02-Sep-19 20-Aug-19 Section 42 Appeal by a creditor against the decision of the liquidator 08-Sep-19 - Reg. 13 Preliminary report to the AA 02-Sep-19 14-Aug-19 Reg. 34 Asset memorandum 02-Sep-19 14-Aug-19 Reg. 15 (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5), and 36 Submission of progress reports to AA; Asset Sale report to be enclosed with every Progress Report, if sales are made Q1 15-Jul-19 10-Jul-19 Q2 15-Oct-19 14-Oct-19 Q3 15-Jan-20 31-Dec-19 Audited accounts of liquidator's receipt & payments for the financial year 15-Apr-20 07-Mar-20 Provise to Reg. 15 (1) Progress report in case of cessation of liquidator - - Reg. 27 (2, 3) Information to secured creditors - - Reg. 42 (2) Distribution of the proceeds to the stakeholders 06-Apr-20 10-Feb-20 Reg. 10 (1) Application to AA for Disclaimer of onerous property - - Reg. 10 (3) Notice to persons interested in the onerous property or contract - - Reg. 44 Liquidation of corporate debtor 18-Jun-20 - Reg. 46 Deposit the amount of unclaimed dividends and undistributed proceeds 07-Mar-20 07-Mar-20 Sub-1 Sl. No 12 Time period to H1 bidder to provide balance sale consideration - 30 Days 6.The following are deviations non compliances with the provisions of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016, regulations made, or circulars issued there under If any deviation non compliances were observed, please state the details and reasons for the same
Sl No Deviation Non - compliance observed Section of the Code Regulation No Circular No Reasons Whether rectified or not 7.The dissolution application has been filed [before expiry of the period of one year] / [after expiry of one year]. Please state details of any extension sought with the reason and granted: The Liquidation has concluded through transfer of Corporate Debtor as a "Going Concern". Hence Corporate Debtor will not get dissolved
8.The details of application(s) filed pending in respect of avoidance of transactions
Sl No Type of Transaction Date of Filing with Adjudicating Authority Date of Order of the Adjudicating Authority Brief of the Order 9.All undischarged or matters pending before any Court or Tribunal relating to corporate debtor, if any, have been reported to AA
The data/records were not available due to reported theft at the premises of Corporate Debtor, hence no detail of pending suits could be collated or reported to the Adjudicating Authority. The position has been reported to the AA through various reports by earlier IRP/RPI and the undersigned.
10.I Sanjeev Ahuja, hereby certify that the contents of this certificate are true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief, and nothing material has been concealed there from
On bare perusal of the Form H; compliance certificate, submitted by the liquidator under Regulation 45(3) of the IBBI (Liquidation Process) Regulations 2016, it is seen that the liquidator has filed this application for closure of the liquidation process of the corporate debtor on the ground that the corporate debtor is sold as a "going concern".
It is further seen that the successful bidder has also filed an application being IA no. 3112/2021 and one of the prayer of the successful bidder in that application is that to accept the final report submitted by the liquidator. We observe that in the final report and compliance report submitted by the liquidator, the corporate debtor is shown as a going concern, possession of the corporate debtor has already been delivered to the successful bidder, after receiving the entire consideration amount.
It is further seen that the new management has already taken charge and the same was communicated to the RoC and Ministry of Corporate Affairs.
It is further seen as per the information given at Sr No. 8 of the Form H, there is no pending matter in respect of avoidance of transactions. It is also mentioned in the application that the liquidator has already distributed amounts, as per Section 53 of the IBC, 2016 and details are shown in para 14 of the application. We also observe, since three workers could not be contacted, therefore, the amount which are due and payable to those workers could not be distributed and the same are deposited in the Corporate Liquidation Account in terms of Regulation 46 of the IBBI (Liquidation Process) Regulations, 2016. It is further seen, the Corporate Debtor is sold as a going concern.
Considering the aforesaid facts, we accept the final report and the compliance certificate, submitted in Form H, by the liquidator under Regulation 45(3)(a) of the IBBI (Liquidation Process) Regulations, 2016.
In sequel to the above, we hereby close the liquidation process of the Corporate Debtor under Regulation 45(3)(a) of the IBBI (Liquidation Process) Regulations, 2016.
Accordingly, the present application is hereby allowed.
IA/3112/2021:
Now, coming to the prayer made in IA/3112/2021 filed by the successful bidder.
Before considering the submissions, we would like to refer to Section 32A of the IBC and the same is reproduced below:-
“32A. (1) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Code or any other law for the time being in force, the liability of a corporate debtor for an offence committed prior to the commencement of the corporate insolvency resolution process shall cease, and the corporate debtor shall not be prosecuted for such an offence from the date the resolution plan has been approved by the Adjudicating Authority under section 31, if the resolution plan results in the change in the management or control of the corporate debtor to a person who was not—
(a)a promoter or in the management or control of the corporate debtor or a related party of such a person; or
(b)a person with regard to whom the relevant investigating authority has, on the basis of material in its possession, reason to believe that he had abetted or conspired for the commission of the offence, and has submitted or filed a report or a complaint to the relevant statutory authority or Court:
Provided that if a prosecution had been instituted during the corporate insolvency resolution process against such corporate debtor, it shall stand discharged from the date of approval of the resolution plan subject to requirements of this sub-section having been fulfilled:
Provided further that every person who was a “designated partner” as defined in clause (j) of section 2 of the Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008, or an “officer who is in default”, as defined in clause (60) of section 2 of the Companies Act, 2013, or was in any manner incharge of, or responsible to the corporate debtor for the conduct of its business or associated with the corporate debtor in any manner and who was directly or indirectly involved in the commission of such offence as per the report submitted or complaint filed by the investigating authority, shall continue to be liable to be prosecuted and punished for such an offence committed by the corporate debtor notwithstanding that the corporate debtor’s liability has ceased under this sub-section.
(2)No action shall be taken against the property of the corporate debtor in relation to an offence committed prior to the commencement of the corporate insolvency resolution process of the corporate debtor, where such property is covered under a resolution plan approved by the Adjudicating Authority under section 31, which results in the change in control of the corporate debtor to a person, or sale of liquidation assets under the provisions of Chapter III of Part II of this Code to a person, who was not—
(i)a promoter or in the management or control of the corporate debtor or a related party of such a person; or
(ii)a person with regard to whom the relevant investigating authority has, on the basis of material in its possession reason to believe that he had abetted or conspired for the commission of the offence, and has submitted or filed a report or a complaint to the relevant statutory authority or Court.
Explanation.—For the purposes of this sub-section, it is hereby clarified that,—
(i)an action against the property of the corporate debtor in relation to an offence shall include the attachment, seizure, retention or confiscation of such property under such law as may be applicable to the corporate debtor;
(ii)nothing in this sub-section shall be construed to bar an action against the property of any person, other than the corporate debtor or a person who has acquired such property through corporate insolvency resolution process or liquidation process under this Code and fulfils the requirements specified in this section, against whom such an action may be taken under such law as may be applicable.
(3)Subject to the provisions contained in sub-sections (1) and (2), and notwithstanding the immunity given in this section, the corporate debtor and any person who may be required to provide assistance under such law as may be applicable to such corporate debtor or person, shall extend all assistance and co-operation to any authority investigating an offence committed prior to the commencement of the corporate insolvency resolution process.]"
At this juncture, we would also like to refer to the decision of Hon'ble Supreme Court, reported in AIR 2021 SC 1308, in the matter of P. Mohanraj vs M/S. Shah Brothers Ispat Pvt. Ltd. The Hon'ble Supreme Court while considering the provisions of Section 138 of Negotiable Instruments Act held that so far as the corporate debtor is concerned, all proceedings shall remained stayed against the corporate debtor only and not against the natural persons mentioned in Section 141 of the N.I. Act, they have been continuing to be statutorily liable under Chapter XVII of the Negotiable Instruments Act.
In view of the decision (supra), we are of the considered view that, in view of Sub Section 2 of Section 32A of IBC, no action shall be taken against the property of the corporate debtor in relation to an offence committed prior to the commencement of the corporate insolvency resolution process of the corporate debtor, where such property is covered under a resolution plan approved by the Adjudicating Authority under section 31, which results, in the change in control of the corporate debtor to a person, or sale of liquidation assets under the provisions of Chapter III of Part II of this Code to a person except under two circumstances referred in Section 32A i.e.
a promoter or in the management or control of the corporate debtor or a related party of such a person; or
a person with regard to whom the relevant investigating authority has, on the basis of material in its possession reason to believe that he had abetted or conspired for the commission of the offence, and has submitted or filed a report or a complaint to the relevant statutory authority or Court.
Applying this principle, we are of the considered view that so far as action taken against the property of the corporate debtor in relation to an offence committed prior to the commencement of the corporate insolvency resolution process of the corporate debtor or in respect of the sale of the liquidation assets under the provisions of Chapter III of Part II of this Code, no action shall be taken against the corporate debtor or even against the new management of the corporate debtor subject to conditions shown in Section 32A (2) (i) & (ii) of the IBC. But so far as the natural person referred to in Section 141 of the Negotiable Instruments Act (in respect of the old management), they have been continuing to be statutorily liable under Chapter XVII of the Negotiable Instruments Act.
It is further seen that in view of Section 32A (3) of the IBC, the corporate debtor and any person who may be required to provide assistance under such law as may be applicable to such corporate debtor or person, shall extend all assistance and co-operation to any authority investigating an offence committed prior to the commencement of the corporate insolvency resolution process subject to the conditions prescribed under Sub Section 1 and 2 of Section 32A of IBC.
So far as the liabilities against the Corporate Debtor from any creditor being secured or unsecured, operational, statutory interest, penalty fee arises out due, prior to 31.01.2020 is concerned, as per Regulation 16 of the IBBI (Liquidation Process) Regulations, 2016, claimants were to submit their claims on or before the last date mentioned in the public announcement and if they have failed to file their claim within the time prescribed under the law then they are not entitled to recover the same. Therefore, the corporate debtor shall not be compelled to pay the dues of, prior to the commencement of the corporate insolvency resolution process of the corporate debtor or in respect of the sale of the liquidation assets under the provisions of Chapter III of Part II of this Code,
With this order, the present application also stands disposed of.
Registry is directed to send a copy of this order to ROC as well as IBBI.
